{"id":17244,"date":"2024-06-26T16:57:42","date_gmt":"2024-06-26T14:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/lamellophone\/"},"modified":"2025-10-23T19:31:13","modified_gmt":"2025-10-23T17:31:13","slug":"lamellophone","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/zupfidiophone\/lamellophone\/","title":{"rendered":"Lamellophone"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"17244\" class=\"elementor elementor-17244 elementor-9719\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2bba0f elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"c2bba0f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5dfa38c\" data-id=\"5dfa38c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a1bfc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9a1bfc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lamellophone<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e16ba6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e16ba6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-132c737\" data-id=\"132c737\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ee46e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4ee46e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kalimba-lamellophone-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-9722\" alt=\"kalimba lamellophone\" srcset=\"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kalimba-lamellophone-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kalimba-lamellophone-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kalimba-lamellophone-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kalimba-lamellophone-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/kalimba-lamellophone.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec8834f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ec8834f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfbb109 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"bfbb109\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;far fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-regular&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-far-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm0 448c-110.5 0-200-89.5-200-200S145.5 56 256 56s200 89.5 200 200-89.5 200-200 200z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__bfbb109\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__bfbb109\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__bfbb109\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6babc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e6babc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eeee302 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eeee302\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are lamellophones?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1726543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1726543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Lamellophones<\/strong> (also known as lamellophones or linguaphones) are a group of musical instruments that are widely used in traditional music in sub-Saharan Africa. These instruments consist of several lamellas that are attached to a board or resonance box and are plucked with the fingers. The sound is produced by a thin vibrating plate called a lamella or tongue. This tongue is fixed at one end and free at the other.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1aba57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f1aba57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When the musician presses on the free end of the tongue with a finger or fingernail and releases the finger again, the exposed tongue vibrates. An instrument can have a single tongue (e.g. jew&#8217;s harp) or several tongues (e.g. mbira). Lamellophones have different names and shapes depending on the region and culture.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d01e457 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d01e457\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Linguaphone is derived from the Latin word lingua for &#8220;tongue&#8221;, lamellophone from the Latin word lamella for &#8220;metal plate&#8221; and the Greek word phon\u0113 for &#8220;sound, voice&#8221;. The lamellophones form category 12 of the <g id=\"gid_0\">\n  <g id=\"gid_1\">\n    <g id=\"gid_2\">Hornbostel-Sachs system<\/g>\n  <\/g>\n<\/g> for the classification of musical instruments, the plucked <g id=\"gid_3\">\n  <g id=\"gid_4\">\n    <g id=\"gid_5\">idiophones<\/g>\n  <\/g>\n<\/g>. These can be divided into two main categories: those with frames (<a title=\"Jew's harps\" href=\"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/musikinstrumente\/idiophone\/zupfidiophone\/maultrommeln\/\">\n  <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\n    <strong>jew&#8217;s harps<\/strong>\n  <\/span>\n<\/a>121) and those with a comb<strong>(lamellophones<\/strong>, 122).  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e04d84b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e04d84b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2bcb6a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2bcb6a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Materials and construction<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9520b52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9520b52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Most lamellophones have lamellae made of iron. In Central Africa there are also types with lamellae made from the leaf stalk of raffia palms, such as the <g id=\"gid_0\">Timbrh<\/g> in Cameroon, or with bamboo lamellae. The name <strong>Mbira<\/strong> or <strong>Mbila<\/strong> is used in several Bantu languages for various lamellophones in southern Africa.    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66f8580 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"66f8580\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f24ffaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f24ffaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mood and playing style<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e290a43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e290a43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The notes of the lamellophones can be tuned by sliding the slats back and forth. In principle, tuning to any tone system is possible. In practice, however, tuning is done in intervals rather than in steps of a scale. In a diatonic scale, for example, the notes are arranged alternately to the right and left of the long middle lamella. If you pluck two adjacent slats, you will hear a consonant third, if you pluck three slats, you will hear a triad and so on. In free playing, second dissonances can usually only be produced by plucking a left and a right lamella, which is why lamellophones often sound consonant.    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8006896 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8006896\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec3e865 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ec3e865\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">History and diversity<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d2a0ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d2a0ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A large number of lamellophones originate from Africa, where they are known by various names such as mbira, kisanji, likembe, kalimba, kongoma and sanza. They play an important role in the music of South East Africa. They were mentioned as early as the 16th century, but undoubtedly have a much longer history. The Caribbean mar\u00edmbula also belongs to this family. The mar\u00edmbula can be seen as a bass version of the mbira and is sometimes used in <a title=\"Hip-Hop\" href=\"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/music-genre\/hip-hop\/\">\n  <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\n    <strong>hip-hop<\/strong>\n  <\/span>\n<\/a>-music.    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6c4687 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6c4687\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In most cases, the reeds are divided into two playing halves, with the lowest notes in the middle; from there, each reed is tuned higher to the left and right than the previous one. The reeds can also be arranged linearly as in a piano. The reeds can be made so small that they can be played with single fingers, hence the colloquial name &#8220;thumb piano&#8221;. (However, some instruments such as the mbira have additional rows of reeds so that not only the thumbs are used for plucking).   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17d5d6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17d5d6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is assumed that African lamellophones are derived from <a title=\"Xylophones\" href=\"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/musikinstrumente\/xylophon\/\">\n  <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\n    <strong>xylophones<\/strong>\n  <\/span>\n<\/a> and marimbas. However, similar instruments have also been found elsewhere; for example, the indigenous people of Siberia play wooden and metal lamellophones with a single tongue. Lamellophones can be built with or without a resonator. There are also electric lamellophones with an additional pickup.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c28f2de elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c28f2de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60360a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f60360a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">List of lamellophones<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d46325 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d46325\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>ChiSanza<\/li><li>Cilimba<\/li><li>Cricri<\/li><li>Ilimba<\/li><li>Kadongo<\/li><li>Kalimba<\/li><li>Karimba<\/li><li>Likembe<\/li><li>Luliimba<\/li><li>Malimba<\/li><li>Marimbula<\/li><li>Matepe<\/li><li>Mbira dza VaNdau<\/li><li>Mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Nsansi<\/li><li>Sansa<\/li><li>Shona<\/li><li>Timbrh<\/li><li>Zanza<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-139d0cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"139d0cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8433372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8433372\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">List of lamellophone players\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e9e1da elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e9e1da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Abraham Dumisani &#8220;Dumi&#8221; Maraire<\/li><li>Antoine Moundanda<\/li><li>Beauler Dyoko &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>B. Michael Williams<\/li><li>Charles Zawose &#8211; ilimba &amp; chirimba<\/li><li>Chartwell Shorayi Dutiro &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Chaka Chawasarira &#8211; matepe &amp; karimba<\/li><li>Chiwoniso Maraire<\/li><li>Chris Berry &amp; Pangea &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Cosmas Magaya &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Dan Pauli &#8211; electric mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>David Gweshe &#8211; munyonga<\/li><li>Erica Azim &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Ephat Mujuru &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Forward Kwenda &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Francis Bebey &#8211; sanza<\/li><li>Fradreck Mujuru &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Garikayi Tirikoti &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Gideon Musunge &#8211; mbira dza VaNdau<\/li><li>Hakurotwi Mude &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Hukewe Ubi Zawose &#8211; ilimba &amp; chirimba<\/li><li>James Convery &#8211; rhumba box<\/li><li>Jennifer Kyker &amp; Musekiwa Chingodza<\/li><li>Joel Laviolette &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu &amp; matepe<\/li><li>Konono No. 1 &#8211; electric likembe<\/li><li>Kuridza Mbira Project &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Kunzwana Mbira Group<\/li><li>Mashozhera Mbira Group &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Mawangu Mingiedi<\/li><li>Mbira DzeNharira &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Mondreck Muchena &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Muyamba Nyunyi<\/li><li>Newton Gwara &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Ngoni Makombe &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Njacko Backo &#8211; kalimba<\/li><li>Papa Kourand &#8211; likembe<\/li><li>Papa Tito&#8217;s Sompa &#8211; likembe<\/li><li>Pachi Pamwe &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Paul Berliner &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Pierre Didy Tchakount\u00e9 &#8211; sanza<\/li><li>Sam Bvure &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Samite Mulondo &#8211; kalimba<\/li><li>Sekuru Gora &amp; Sekuru Chigamba<\/li><li>Sekuru Simon Mashoko &#8211; njari<\/li><li>Sheasby Matiure &#8211; karimba<\/li><li>Simeos John Pemba &#8211; ChiSanza<\/li><li>Solomon Murungu &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Sorie &#8220;Kondi&#8221; Koroma<\/li><li>Stella Rambisai Chiweshe &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>The Zawose Family &#8211; ilimba &amp; chirimba<\/li><li>Tute Chigamba &#8211; mbira dza vadzimu<\/li><li>Zivinai Kumbula &#8211; mbira dza VaNdau<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37a8eb9\" data-id=\"37a8eb9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9ac55b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9ac55b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-774f3db\" data-id=\"774f3db\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-366057b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"366057b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">share<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-701afa6\" data-id=\"701afa6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0d61bc elementor-share-buttons--view-icon elementor-share-buttons--color-custom elementor-share-buttons--skin-gradient elementor-share-buttons--shape-square elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-share-buttons\" data-id=\"a0d61bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"share-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_facebook\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-facebook\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256c0 123.78 90.69 226.38 209.25 245V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.28c-30.8 0-40.41 19.12-40.41 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V501C413.31 482.38 504 379.78 504 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_twitter\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-twitter\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_pinterest\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on pinterest\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-pinterest\" viewBox=\"0 0 496 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M496 256c0 137-111 248-248 248-25.6 0-50.2-3.9-73.4-11.1 10.1-16.5 25.2-43.5 30.8-65 3-11.6 15.4-59 15.4-59 8.1 15.4 31.7 28.5 56.8 28.5 74.8 0 128.7-68.8 128.7-154.3 0-81.9-66.9-143.2-152.9-143.2-107 0-163.9 71.8-163.9 150.1 0 36.4 19.4 81.7 50.3 96.1 4.7 2.2 7.2 1.2 8.3-3.3.8-3.4 5-20.3 6.9-28.1.6-2.5.3-4.7-1.7-7.1-10.1-12.5-18.3-35.3-18.3-56.6 0-54.7 41.4-107.6 112-107.6 60.9 0 103.6 41.5 103.6 100.9 0 67.1-33.9 113.6-78 113.6-24.3 0-42.6-20.1-36.7-44.8 7-29.5 20.5-61.3 20.5-82.6 0-19-10.2-34.9-31.4-34.9-24.9 0-44.9 25.7-44.9 60.2 0 22 7.4 36.8 7.4 36.8s-24.5 103.8-29 123.2c-5 21.4-3 51.6-.9 71.2C65.4 450.9 0 361.1 0 256 0 119 111 8 248 8s248 111 248 248z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_telegram\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on telegram\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-telegram\" viewBox=\"0 0 496 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M248 8C111 8 0 119 0 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S385 8 248 8zm121.8 169.9l-40.7 191.8c-3 13.6-11.1 16.9-22.4 10.5l-62-45.7-29.9 28.8c-3.3 3.3-6.1 6.1-12.5 6.1l4.4-63.1 114.9-103.8c5-4.4-1.1-6.9-7.7-2.5l-142 89.4-61.2-19.1c-13.3-4.2-13.6-13.3 2.8-19.7l239.1-92.2c11.1-4 20.8 2.7 17.2 19.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_whatsapp\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on whatsapp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-whatsapp\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M380.9 97.1C339 55.1 283.2 32 223.9 32c-122.4 0-222 99.6-222 222 0 39.1 10.2 77.3 29.6 111L0 480l117.7-30.9c32.4 17.7 68.9 27 106.1 27h.1c122.3 0 224.1-99.6 224.1-222 0-59.3-25.2-115-67.1-157zm-157 341.6c-33.2 0-65.7-8.9-94-25.7l-6.7-4-69.8 18.3L72 359.2l-4.4-7c-18.5-29.4-28.2-63.3-28.2-98.2 0-101.7 82.8-184.5 184.6-184.5 49.3 0 95.6 19.2 130.4 54.1 34.8 34.9 56.2 81.2 56.1 130.5 0 101.8-84.9 184.6-186.6 184.6zm101.2-138.2c-5.5-2.8-32.8-16.2-37.9-18-5.1-1.9-8.8-2.8-12.5 2.8-3.7 5.6-14.3 18-17.6 21.8-3.2 3.7-6.5 4.2-12 1.4-32.6-16.3-54-29.1-75.5-66-5.7-9.8 5.7-9.1 16.3-30.3 1.8-3.7.9-6.9-.5-9.7-1.4-2.8-12.5-30.1-17.1-41.2-4.5-10.8-9.1-9.3-12.5-9.5-3.2-.2-6.9-.2-10.6-.2-3.7 0-9.7 1.4-14.8 6.9-5.1 5.6-19.4 19-19.4 46.3 0 27.3 19.9 53.7 22.6 57.4 2.8 3.7 39.1 59.7 94.8 83.8 35.2 15.2 49 16.5 66.6 13.9 10.7-1.6 32.8-13.4 37.4-26.4 4.6-13 4.6-24.1 3.2-26.4-1.3-2.5-5-3.9-10.5-6.6z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_email\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on email\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-envelope\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55ef170 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55ef170\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">other musical instruments<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of contents What are lamellophones? Lamellophones (also known as lamellophones or linguaphones) are a group of musical instruments that are widely used in traditional music in sub-Saharan Africa. These instruments consist of several lamellas that are attached to a board or resonance box and are plucked with the fingers. The sound is produced by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9722,"parent":17248,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17244","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17244\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/musiknerd.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}